On World Heritage Day, celebrated globally on April 18—a date established by UNESCO in 1983—the heritage of Aqaba emerges as a vibrant portrait of the diversity and distinction of Jordanian cultural identity. Aqaba holds a unique position, distinguishing it from other local, regional, and international heritage sites.
اضافة اعلان
This majestic Jordanian city is not merely a gateway to the sea; it is a "spatiotemporal window" overlooking the history of human civilization. Its geographical surroundings serve as a record of the Pharaohs, Nabataeans, Canaanites, Edomites, and the civilization of the Arabs of Hijaz. As heritage researcher Abdullah Manzalawi explains, its location at the crossroads of three regions—Hijaz, Levant (Sham), and Egypt—has endowed its archaeological sites with a rich and unique heritage.
A Journey Through Ancient Civilizations
Manzalawi notes that Aqaba has been inhabited since the dawn of history, leaving behind landmarks that document human progress:
Tall al-Maqass: Located near Aqaba Airport, dating back to the late Chalcolithic period (~6,000 years ago).
Hujayrat al-Ghazlan: An ancient site north of the city.
Edomite Aila: Located on Tall el-Kheleifeh, dating back to the Bronze Age (150 BC).
The Byzantine Church: Considered one of the oldest purpose-built churches in the world.
Islamic Aila: The first model of an early Islamic city in the region.
Aqaba Castle: A Mamluk-era fortress.
Historical Landmarks: The Great Arab Revolt Plaza and Flag, the house of Sharif Hussein bin Ali, and the traditional palm groves known as "Hafayer."
A Unique Cultural Blend: Sea, Desert, and Countryside
Manzalawi emphasizes that Aqaba’s folklore is a unique fusion influenced by its diverse geography:
Maritime Heritage: As a coastal city, its traditions are saturated with the sea—fishing lore, coral, sea shanties, and traditional musical instruments like the Simsimiyya, Mirwas, and Tar.
Desert Influence: Nestled between the Sinai, Wadi Araba, Hijaz, and the Levant deserts, Aqaba’s dialect, clothing, and dances (such as the Sahja) reflect a deep Bedouin character, often accompanied by the Rebab.
Rural and Agricultural Heritage: The palm groves (Hafayer) are an integral part of the "Aqabawi" identity. Locals have historically used every part of the palm tree for food, clothing, housing, and furniture.
Preserving a Living Museum
Despite its diverse influences, Aqaba’s heritage remains distinct and homogenous. The Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority (ASEZA), in cooperation with the Department of Antiquities, is working to preserve this legacy. Efforts focus on:
Documenting sites for the World Heritage List.
Enhancing archaeological excavations and studies.
Restoring and maintaining historical sites to transform them into sustainable "tourism products."
Ultimately, the goal is not just to preserve stone and clay, but to celebrate a healthy, living heritage that reflects the natural beauty and resilience of the Jordanian people.
Source: Petra News Agency (Dina Mahadin)
